Periodontitis
What is periodontitis?
Periodontitis is an inflammation of the supporting tissue of the teeth. The inflammation can be caused by poor oral hygiene and causes the jawbone around the teeth to break down. If left untreated, the condition can lead to teeth becoming loose and needing to be removed.
Signs of periodontitis
Approximately 10% of the adult population develops severe periodontitis. There are few subjective symptoms of periodontitis. However, some people may experience bad breath and bleeding from the gums. The gums will also be somewhat tender and swollen. Later in the course of the disease, teeth may become looser and possibly move.
The development of periodontitis
Inadequate cleaning can cause superficial inflammation of the gums (gingivitis). The gums then become swollen and turn a darker red color. They will also bleed when touched and feel tender. This is due to bacteria and soft plaque that remains along the crown of the tooth (I).
- Figur I
- Figur II
- Figur III
- Figur IV
If the coating is not removed, it will calcify and harden over time. This is what we call tartar. Tartar increases the inflammation that causes the bone around the teeth to break down (II). In this way, tartar and bacterial deposits can extend further and further down the root surface (III). Over time, the bone loss can become so extensive that teeth loosen and may have to be removed (IV). Normally, it takes many years before a tooth is lost as a result of periodontitis. Occasionally, however, there is rapid decay of the tooth structure. This is caused by special bacteria and in such cases antibiotics may often be necessary.
Treatment of periodontitis:
The dentist or dental hygienist starts with a thorough examination where the severity of the disease is mapped. An individually tailored treatment plan is then drawn up. Good oral hygiene is a prerequisite for the successful treatment of periodontitis. Treatment will therefore begin with hygiene training. Correct brushing techniques are demonstrated and training is given in the use of aids for cleaning between the teeth. The next treatment step is to remove plaque and tartar from the root surface of the teeth. The aim is to leave smooth root surfaces to make it easier to
keep your teeth clean. The treatment is time-consuming and usually extends over several visits to the dentist. In some cases, surgical treatment may be necessary to control the periodontitis. Plaque and tartar form all the time. After treatment, it will therefore be necessary to have check-ups and maintenance cleaning of the teeth to keep the periodontitis in check. Even if the periodontitis treatment is carried out correctly and to the best of your ability, you cannot rule out the possibility of losing teeth in the long term.
Other conditions related to periodontitis:
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Smoking has been shown to accelerate the development of periodontitis and lead to poorer treatment results. It is therefore recommended to stop smoking.
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Stress, a weakened immune system, certain diseases and the use of medication can accelerate the breakdown of the jawbone. Heredity is also an important factor. So pay extra attention if you know that others in your family have had problems with their gums.
- Pursuant to section 5-6 of the National Insurance Act, benefits may be granted for systematic treatment of periodontitis. Benefits may also be granted to replace teeth that have been lost as a result of periodontitis.